Oblomov: attitude to studies, science, economy. What was Oblomov's education? Goncharov Oblomov attitude to education
In the work of Oblomov, Goncharov will touch upon the theme of common vices inherent in society in any era: laziness, indifference, unwillingness to change fate for the better.
The author describes in detail Oblomov's childhood so that the reader can understand the reasons that influenced the formation of his weak-willed character. Indecision made him a failure. The writer suggests that such behavior will not lead to a happy and fulfilling life.
Guardianship of relatives
Ilya Ilyich Oblomov spent a carefree childhood in the village of Oblomovka. In the family estate, he lived not only with his mother and father. In addition to the servants, many relatives lived there.
“He's pretty, plump. Such round cheeks. "
He was the only child in the family. The household fed the boy with all kinds of sweets.
“The whole retinue of the house picked up Ilyushka in their arms, began to shower him with praise and affection. He barely had time to wipe away the marks of uninvited kisses. "
No sooner had the youngest Oblomov woke up than the nanny rushed to him to help him get up and get dressed. Next, mom hurried to her beloved son from the next room. The woman gave the boy tenderness, excessive care.
"She examined him with an avid glance, checked if his eyes were dull, wondered if something was in pain."
The boy understood that all his whims were instantly fulfilled. He turned into the same lazy person, indifferent to all manifestations of human life, like those around him. If he tried to do something on his own, then his loved ones suppressed all his aspirations.
"As soon as Ilya wants something, he just blinks - already three or four lackeys rush to fulfill his wishes."
It was turned into an exotic plant growing slowly in a greenhouse.
"All manifestations of activity and strength turned inward and faded."
Sometimes the boy found an irresistible desire to run away from home, to lose the custody of each of the household. As soon as he went down the stairs, or ran out into the courtyard, several people hurried after him with shouts and prohibitions.
Playfulness and curiosity
Little Ilya grew up as an active child. When he saw that the adults were busy, he instantly tried to hide from their care.
"He was passionate about running up to the gallery surrounding the house to look at the river from above."
They caught up with him, and he again tried to escape to the dovecote, into the ravine, or into the birch forest, where goblin and werewolves could live. This is what the nanny told me. It happened that she spent the whole day in turmoil and running after her pupil.
Oblomov grew up inquisitive.
“He will calm down, sit next to the nanny, look at everything so intently. Observes all the phenomena taking place in front of him. "
He asks her why there is light and darkness, notices that a shadow is formed on the ground from a horse harnessed to the reins, compares the dimensions, realizing that the barrel is many times larger than the footman carrying it on the cart.
Going out for a walk outside the yard, while the governess is hiding in the chill, the baby closely watches the beetles, catches dragonflies, puts them on a straw. He will jump into the ditch, begin to peel the roots, eat them instead of sweet apples.
“Not a single trifle, not a single feature escapes the attention of a child. The picture of home life cuts into the soul, saturates the child's mind with examples, unconsciously imposes the program of the child's fate on the life around him. "
The habits of parents and loved ones that formed the character of little Ilya.
In the Oblomov estate, it was believed that the craft did not at all ennoble a person.
"Ilya's relatives endured labor as a punishment imposed on our forefathers, but they could not love."
The boy's father preferred only to observe the servants and relatives, to ask them about their occupations, to give instructions. Mother could talk for hours with lackeys, tenants of the house. She loved to be in the garden, to watch how the fruits are poured.
"The main concern of the family was the kitchen and lunch."
Everyone got together, heatedly discussed the preparation of dishes. Rest followed. “Silence reigns in the house. The hour of afternoon nap comes. " A similar state possessed everyone. Snoring and snoring could be heard from all corners of the house.
“Ilyusha watched everything.
Rarely does someone raise their head, look meaninglessly, turn over in surprise, spit awake, smack their lips, fall asleep again. " At this time, the adults did not care at all that little Ilya could be left completely unattended.
His relatives were always in a carefree mood, they did not strive to improve their life, but rejoiced at what was sent to them. Their life flowed like a quiet river. If something went out of order in the house, collapsed, then rarely when the breakdown was eliminated. It was easier for people to talk about christenings, weddings, beliefs associated with them. They discussed all kinds of recipes, went to visit, played cards. This lifestyle of loved ones left an indelible mark on the formation of the character and habits of young Oblomov. Gradually, as the boy grew older, general laziness took possession of him.
Education
Parents felt that teaching to read and write was very exhausting and unnecessary. They wanted their son to get a certificate as quickly as possible, without putting much effort into it. At the age of thirteen, "father and mother sat down the spoiled man for books." It cost them tears, whims and screams. He was sent to the village of Verkhlevo, to a boarding house.
The son did not have a special zeal for learning. When I came home, I tried, under any pretext, to stay on the estate as long as possible.
“Sad he came to his mother. She knew why. I secretly sighed about parting with him for a whole week. "
His parents encouraged his every request. They were looking for an excuse for their weak-willed behavior. The reasons why the boy stayed on the estate were varied. The problem for them could be heat or cold, parental Saturday, a holiday, the upcoming preparation of pancakes. Mother and father did not think about the negative features of such an upbringing. Adult Ilya Oblomov will have to face the consequences of excessive parental love more than once.
The hero of the novel "Oblomov", which firmly took its place in the fund of Russian classical literature, was known for his attitude to the economy and study. He became famous for not treating them in any way. That is, for most of his life he remained absolutely indifferent and indifferent to any development in these areas.
The main character of the book "Oblomov" was called Ilya Ilyich. A landowner by birth, he usually did not need money. Never in his life did Oblomov go to bed without the help of a servant.
Living in St. Petersburg, Ilya Ilyich did not even bother
read the documents about the income and expenses that were made in his native estate, Oblomovka, and not that even something concrete to do for the welfare of the estate. Even debts and the ruin of the economy did not force him to do this. His attitude to the economy can be understood from this fact alone. It is purely consumer: Ilya waits every month for a certain amount of money to be sent to him for food.
The maximum of Ilya Oblomov's desires is embedded in the phrase he said to his friend Stolz: “That would have healed! They would start drinking tea in the grove, on Ilyin's Friday they would go to the gunpowder factories, and a cart with a samovar and supplies would follow us. There, on the grass, on the carpet, and lay down! "
Study and science for Oblomov were limited to attempts. He picks up a useful book for reading, starts to learn English, even gets fond of mathematics, then he does translations - in the end he gives up everything. He tries to write a plan for the arrangement of village life: and he also forgets the paper in a dusty corner. “Ah, life! Touches, there is no rest! " - Ilya replies to the persuasion of friends to do something other than lying on the couch.
Ilya Oblomov was not a stupid person. He greatly respected the economic talents of his wife, Agafya Matveyevna, appreciated Stolz's organizational skills, admired Olga's music lessons. But he himself had the attitude of a gourmet consumer or just an outside observer to study, science and the economy. The main thing for Oblomov is the enjoyment of satiety and regularity of life.
Other works on this topic:
- In the novel by I.A.Goncharov, Stolz introduces Oblomov to Olga in her house. When he saw her for the first time, he was confused and felt ...
- Oblomov Oblomov Ilya Ilyich is the protagonist of the novel of the same name by I.A.
- The sixties of the nineteenth century. New time for Russia. It requires other heroes of literature, who must not only passively resist the surrounding reality, as "superfluous people", but ...
- Oblomov is backwardness that hinders historical progress. Oblomov is sincere, gentle, his conscience is not lost; subjectively, he is not capable of doing evil. The storyline draws ...
- Oblomov and Stolz Comparative Characteristics In the novel by I. A. Goncharov “Oblomov” one of the frequent methods is the antithesis. By contrast, the author compares the protagonist I.I.
- After reading the opinions of critics about Ilya Ilyich Oblomov - the main character of Goncharov's novel Oblomov, I agree with the point of view of N. A Dobrolyubov and A. V Druzhinin ...
- No, I do not judge him. I believe that no one dares to condemn a person, whatever he may be. Each person has the right to decide for himself how he ...
- Is Oblomov a good person? Oblomov Ilya Ilyich - the protagonist of the most famous novel by I. Goncharov And the man who gave the name to the concept of "Oblomovism". “Oblomov” appeared in the middle ...
Education plays an important role in the characterization of the lazy master Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, the protagonist of the Oblomov novel.
This article presents material about Oblomov's education in the novel "Oblomov": the hero's attitude to education, study and science, the peculiarities of upbringing and education, etc.
See: All materials on the novel "Oblomov"
Oblomov's education in the novel "Oblomov", the hero's attitude to education, studies and science
Oblomov's parents considered education a pointless occupation and a waste of time. Such an approach, of course, could not but affect the attitude of Oblomov himself to education, study and science.
The old Oblomovs sought to give their son an education not for the sake of knowledge, but "for show", for the sake of a certificate:
"... they would like to achieve all this in some way cheaper [...] that is, for example, to study slightly, not to exhaustion of the soul and body [...] but in such a way that only to observe the prescribed form and obtain somehow a certificate that would say that Ilyusha passed all the arts and sciences ... "
Primary education: study in a boarding house
At the age of 13-14, Oblomov entered a boarding school, the director of which was Andrei Stolz's father, German Ivan Bogdanovich Stolz. Oblomov studied at this boarding house until the age of 15:
"... a boy of about thirteen or fourteen years old. He already studied in the village of Verkhlev, five versts from Oblomovka, with the local manager, the German Stolz, who started a small boarding house for the children of the neighboring nobles ..."
"... he studied like the others, like everyone else, that is, until the age of fifteen in a boarding house ..."
So, the beginning of study at the Stolz boarding house was accompanied by tears, cries and whims:
"... There is nothing to do, my father and mother put the mischievous Ilya for a book. It was worth tears, screams, whims. Finally, they took ..."
Little Oblomov lived in the Stolz boarding house for a whole week and could come home only on weekends. He didn't like this life at all:
"... And poor Ilyusha goes and goes to study to Stolz. As soon as he wakes up on Monday, he is already attacked by melancholy [...] He comes to his mother sad. She knows why and begins to gild the pill, secretly sighing herself about separation with him for a whole week ... "
At the boarding house Oblomov studied somehow. Oblomov's friend, Andrei Stolts, helped him with his lessons in every possible way:
"... The fact is that Stolz's son pampered Oblomov, either prompting him for lessons or making translations for him ..."
Oblomov's education at the boarding house was superficial, as the parents found any excuses not to let their son go to study. As a result, Oblomov missed whole weeks of study:
"... gentle parents continued to look for excuses to keep their son at home [...] In winter it seemed cold to them, in summer it is not good to go in the heat, and sometimes it will rain, slush interferes in autumn ..."
Studying at the University
After Stolz's boarding school, young Oblomov entered Moscow to study. Apparently, he studied at the university, although this is indicated in the text of the novel. Judging by the subjects studied, Oblomov graduated from Moscow University:
"... then the old Oblomovs, after a long struggle, decided to send Ilya to Moscow, where, willy-nilly, he followed the course of science to the end ..."
Unfortunately, at the university Oblomov's attitude towards education, study and science has not changed: he still did not like studying. Student Oblomov considered study and work a punishment:
"... Of necessity, he sat upright in the classroom, listened to what the teachers said, because nothing else could be done, and with difficulty, with sweat, with sighs he learned the lessons he was being asked. He considered all this as a punishment sent from heaven. for our sins ... "
Oblomov taught only what was required, but never studied more than was required of him. Oblomov did not show curiosity and special interest in science:
"... Further than that line, under which the teacher, setting the lesson, drew a line with his fingernail, he did not look, did not ask him any questions and did not require explanations. He was content with what was written in the notebook, and did not find annoying curiosity, even when and did not understand everything that he listened and taught ... "
"... If he somehow managed to overcome the book called statistics, history, political economy, he was completely satisfied ..."
"... only occasionally, at the direction of Stolz, perhaps, and read this or that book, but not suddenly, slowly, without greed, but lazily ran his eyes through the lines ..."
In his youth, Ilya Oblomov passionately fell in love with poetry, but soon cooled down to this.
Oblomov and Stolz
Stolz - the antipode of Oblomov (Principle of the antithesis)
The entire figurative system of the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov" is aimed at revealing the character, essence of the protagonist. Ilya Ilyich Oblomov is a bored gentleman, lying on the couch, dreaming of transformations and a happy life with his family, but doing nothing to make dreams come true. The antipode of Oblomov in the novel is the image of Stolz. Andrei Ivanovich Stolts is one of the main characters, a friend of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, the son of Ivan Bogdanovich Stolts, a Russianized German who manages an estate in the village of Verkhlevka, which is five miles from Oblomovka. The first two chapters of the second part contain a detailed story about Stolz's life, about the conditions in which his active character was formed.
1. General features:
a) age ("Stolz is the same age as Oblomov and he is already over thirty");
b) religion;
c) training in the boarding house of Ivan Stolz in Verkhlev;
d) service and quick retirement;
e) love for Olga Ilyinskaya;
f) kind attitude towards each other.
2. Various traits:
a ) portrait;
Oblomov ... “He was a man of about thirty-two or three years of age, of average height, pleasant appearance, with dark gray eyes, but with lack of: any definite idea, any concentration in the facial features. "
«… flabby beyond his years whether from lack of movement or air. In general, his body, judging by the matte, overly white neck, small chubby arms, soft shoulders seemed too pampered for a man. His movements, when he was even alarmed, were also restrained. gentleness and not devoid of a kind of grace of laziness. "
Stolz- the same age as Oblomov, he is already over thirty. Sh .'s portrait contrasts with Oblomov's: “It is all composed of bones, muscles and nerves, like a blood English horse. He is thin, he has almost no cheeks at all, that is, bone and muscle, but not a sign of fat roundness ... "
Getting acquainted with the portrait characteristics of this hero, we understand that Stolz is a strong, energetic, purposeful person who is alien to dreaminess. But this almost ideal personality resembles a mechanism, not a living person, and this repels the reader.
b) parents, family;
Oblomov's parents are Russian, he grew up in a patriarchal family.
Stolz. - a native of the bourgeois class (his father left Germany, wandered around Switzerland and settled in Russia, becoming the manager of the estate). “Stolz was only half German by his father; his mother was Russian; he professed the Orthodox faith, his native language was Russian ... ”. Mother was afraid that Stolz, under the influence of his father, would become a rude burgher, but Stolz's Russian entourage prevented.
c) education;
Oblomov moved “from embraces to the embraces of family and friends,” his upbringing was of a patriarchal nature.
Ivan Bogdanovich raised his son strictly: "From the age of eight he sat with his father at a geographical map, sorting through the warehouses of Herder, Wieland, biblical verses and summing up the illiterate accounts of peasants, bourgeois and factory workers, and with his mother he read sacred history, taught Krylov's fables and analyzed Telemac's warehouses."
When Stolz grew up, his father began to take him to the field, to the market, forced him to work. Then Stolz began to send his son to the city with errands, "and it never happened that he forgot something, altered, overlooked, made a mistake."
Upbringing, like education, was twofold: dreaming that a "good bursh" would grow out of his son, the father encouraged boyish fights in every possible way, without which the son could not do a day. If Andrei appeared without a lesson prepared "by heart", Ivan Bogdanovich sent his son back where he came from - and every time young Stltz returned with lessons learned.
From his father he received a "labor, practical education", and his mother introduced him to the beautiful, tried to put in the soul of little Andrei love for art, for beauty. His mother "in her son ... dreamed of the ideal of a gentleman," and his father taught him to hard, not lordly work.
d) attitude towards studying in a boarding house;
Oblomov studied "out of necessity," "serious reading bored him," "but the poets hurt him ... for a living"
Stolz always studied well, was interested in everything. And was a tutor at my father's boarding house
e) further education;
Oblomov lived in Oblomovka until he was twenty, then graduated from the university.
Stolz graduated brilliantly from the university. Parting with his father, who sent him from Verkhlev to St. Petersburg, Stolz. says that he will certainly follow his father's advice and will go to Ivan Bogdanovich's old friend Reingold - but only when he, Stolz, will have, like Reingold, a four-story house. Such independence and independence, as well as self-confidence. - the basis of the character and worldview of the younger Stolz, which his father so ardently supports and which Oblomov lacks so much.
f) lifestyle;
"Lying at Ilya Ilyich's was his normal state."
Stolz has a thirst for action
g) housekeeping;
Oblomov did not do business in the village, received an insignificant income and lived on credit.
Stolz serves successfully, retires to pursue his own business; makes a house and money. He is a member of a trading company that sends goods overseas; as an agent of the company, Sh. travels to Belgium, England, throughout Russia.
h) life aspirations;
Oblomov in his youth "prepared for the field", thought about his role in society, about family happiness, then he excluded social activities from his dreams, his ideal was a carefree life in unity with nature, family, friends.
Stolz, chose an active principle in his youth ... Stolz's ideal of life is unceasing and meaningful work, it is "the image, content, element and purpose of life."
i) views on society;
Oblomov believes that all members of the world and society are "dead, sleeping people", they are characterized by insincerity, envy, the desire by any means to "get a loud rank", he is not a supporter of progressive forms of economic management.
According to Stolz, with the help of the organization of "schools", "piers", "fairs", "highways", the old, patriarchal "ruins" should be turned into comfortable estates that generate income.
j) attitude towards Olga;
Oblomov wanted to see a loving woman who could create a serene family life.
Stolz marries Olga Ilyinskaya, and Goncharov tries in their active, full of work and beauty alliance to present an ideal family, a true ideal that Oblomov fails in his life: “We worked together, dined, went to the fields, played music< …>as Oblomov dreamed ... Only there was no slumber, despondency, they spent their days without boredom and without apathy; there was no sluggish look, no word; the conversation did not end with them, it was often hot. "
k) relationship and mutual influence;
Oblomov considered Stolz his only friend, able to understand and help, he listened to his advice, but Stolz failed to break Oblomovism.
Stolz highly appreciated the kindness and sincerity of the soul of his friend Oblomov. Stolz does everything to awaken Oblomov to activity. In friendship with Oblomov Stolz. he also turned out to be at his best: he replaced the rogue manager, destroyed the intrigues of Tarantyev and Mukhoyarov, who tricked Oblomov into signing a fake loan letter.
Oblomov is used to living on Stolz's orders in the smallest matters, he needs the advice of a friend. Without Stolz, Ilya Ilyich cannot decide on anything, however, and Oblomov is in no hurry to follow Stolz's advice: they have too different ideas about life, about work, about the application of strength.
After the death of Ilya Ilyich, a friend takes on the education of Oblomov's son, Andryusha, named in his honor.
m) self-esteem ;
Oblomov constantly doubted himself. Stolz never doubts himself.
m) character traits ;
Oblomov is inactive, dreamy, slovenly, indecisive, gentle, lazy, apathetic, not devoid of subtle emotional experiences.
Stolz is active, harsh, practical, neat, loves comfort, open in emotional manifestations, reason prevails over feeling. Stolz could control his feelings and was "afraid of every dream." Happiness for him was consistency. According to Goncharov, he "knew the value of rare and expensive properties and wasted them so sparingly that he was called an egoist, insensitive ...".
The meaning of the images of Oblomov and Stolz.
Goncharov reflected in Oblomov the typical features of the patriarchal nobility. Oblomov has absorbed the contradictory features of the Russian national character.
Stolz in Goncharov's novel was assigned the role of a man capable of breaking Oblomovism and reviving the hero. According to critics, the ambiguity of Goncharov's idea of the role of "new people" in society led to the unconvincing image of Stolz. As conceived by Goncharov, Stolz is a new type of Russian progressive figure. However, he does not portray the hero in specific activities. The author only informs the reader about what Stolz has been and what he has achieved. Showing Stolz's Parisian life with Olga, Goncharov wants to reveal the breadth of his views, and in fact reduces the hero
So, the image of Stolz in the novel not only clarifies the image of Oblomov, but is also interesting to readers for its originality and the complete opposite of the main character. Dobrolyubov says about him: “He is not the person who will be able, in a language understandable to the Russian soul, to tell us this omnipotent word“ forward! ” Dobrolyubov, like all revolutionary democrats, saw the ideal of a "man of action" in serving the people, in the revolutionary struggle. Stolz is far from this ideal. However, next to Oblomov and Oblomovism, Stolz was still a progressive phenomenon.
19 June 2015I.A. Goncharov wrote amazing novels that were relevant to the writer's contemporaries and remain so in our time. One of the most famous works of Goncharov is the novel Oblomov, named after the main character. In the novel, Goncharov examines a special type of people, of which Oblomov is a representative, as well as the attitude of the hero to different sides of life. The work shows Oblomov's attitude to education, to a career and to a family.
Education Oblomov
Traits of a person, his habits or habits - all this comes from the family and, accordingly, depends on upbringing. Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, who lives on Gorokhovaya Street, practically does not leave his house. He is still quite young - he is only 32 years old, but Ilya Ilyich suffers from his passivity and apathy. He is not interested in anything.
The hero received his education in Oblomovka (his village), therefore Oblomov's attitude to education is as follows: he believed that it was useless. Thinking activity, memorizing something only tired and made poor Ilya sleepy. Oblomov's parents allowed him to do everything: sleep as much as necessary, eat from the heart, be lazy and mess around. Ilya Ilyich left Oblomovka, his parents died, but his views remained the same.
You can recall one detail that speaks volumes - this is the immutability of Oblomov's robe. He always wears a dressing gown, and at the end of his life, when the hero is sick, and Stolz and Olga come to visit him, the first thing they notice is Agafya Pshenitsyna, who is mending Oblomov’s dressing gown.
We also note that Oblomov is the result of a noble education.
The upbringing of Stolz
Oblomov's upbringing and education is fundamentally different from Stolz's life. An active, lively Stolz was educated abroad and constantly strived for self-improvement, be it the humanities or technical sciences.
Stolz was raised by ambitious parents, but not overly wealthy. From his father "inherited" Stolz received love for work, from his mother - for art. Thus, the attitude towards Stolz's life is not the least bit similar to that of Oblomov. Stolz treated education with reverence and respect.
Comparative characteristics of heroes
So, we found out that Oblomov in Goncharov's work is radically opposed to Stolz. Stolz came from a poor German family, Oblomov is a hereditary nobleman. Stolz is looking for a woman equal to him in looks and inner strength; Oblomov needs a woman who can provide him with maternal care and love. Let us recall the short romance between Oblomov and Olga: initially it was doomed, but the connection of Ilya Ilyich with Agafya Pshenitsyna found a future.
Oblomov's attitude to education is not the best - he learned to read and write with difficulty, and that was enough for him. Stolz received some skills at home (he was taught by his father), and then went to conquer the university.
The fate of Stolz and Oblomov
At some point in Oblomov's life, enlightenment frowned. This is the appearance of Olga in his life. For a while Oblomov was unrecognizable! However, after Oblomov did not want to go on a date with Olga, because "the bridges were shaky," the reader understands that Olga's work on the character of Ilya Ilyich is a waste of time.
Oblomov settles in the house of Agafya Pshenitsyna, they have a child. Oblomov dies, and his life remains unremarkable and dull.
Stolz has a completely different life. He marries Olga, they take Andryusha, Oblomov's son, to be raised, they travel a lot.
Thus, the reader sees how the upbringing and education of Stolz and Oblomov influenced their future life. Oblomov remained, if not physically, then in dreams in his beloved village Oblomovka, and Stolz began to build a new life of his own.
Source: fb.ruActual
miscellanea
miscellanea
