"Woe from Wit" or who you are, Colonel Skalozub. Characteristics of the image of Colonel Skalozub in the comedy "Woe from Wit Use of family and friendship ties of skalozub
Characteristics of Skalozub from the comedy "Woe from Wit"
- Skalozub
Option 1Skalozub Sergei Sergeich in his image depicts the ideal Moscow groom, rude, uneducated, not too smart, but rich and contented with himself. Famusov read S. to be her daughter's husband, but she considers him the hero of not her own novel. At the moment of his first visit to Famusov's house, S. tells about himself. He took part in the war of 1812, but received the order on his neck not for military exploits, but on the occasion of military celebrations. S. marks the generals. The hero despises book wisdom. He speaks disparagingly of his cousin reading books in the village. S. tries to embellish himself externally and internally. He dresses in an army fashion, pulling himself with straps so that his chest is a wheel. Not understanding anything in Chatsky's accusatory monologues, he nevertheless subscribes to his opinion, saying all sorts of nonsense and nonsense.
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Skalozub
Option 2Skalozub is a character in the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov Woe from Wit (1824). If we look for classic plays in the characters, and through them ancient prototypes, then S. corresponds to a boastful warrior, a popular mask of Roman comedies, embodied in the famous tower conqueror Pyrgopolini, the hero of Plautus. The bully warrior has traditionally been portrayed not only as a braggart, but also as a narcissist. S., if you take him out of the poetic context, is somewhat similar to his distant ancestor. It should be noted that comedy masks are worn by many characters in Griboyedov's work, but the masquerade is only the top layer of its voluminous plot. In the course of the action, S. is transformed into an individual comedic character. Colonel Sergei Sergeevich S. in the very center of the play. Already in the first act, Lisa mentions him as almost the official fiancé of Sophia (and marks a golden bag and marks him as generals) in contrast to the unwanted Chatsky and secret Molchalin. Perhaps, for the sake of S., in order to introduce him to the circle of relatives, Famusov starts a ball, where he introduces S. Khlestova, whom he does not like due to lack of servility and too tall. All the facts of S.'s biography in the eyes of Famusov distinguish him favorably from Chatsky. S. rich, military, quickly and thoughtfully making a career, little arguing, speaking out straightforward and lapidary. S.'s manner of not adjusting to the tone of secular courtesy does not harm him in the opinion of those around him (like Chatsky), because in the main S. is famusovsky, his own: you cannot faze me with scholarship! ... On what his military career is based, it turns out pretty soon: here the elders will be turned off others, others, you see, are killed. It would be a mistake to underestimate S.'s influence in the Moscow environment: he is recognized and supported by society. At the climax of the discussion about the harm caused by books and education, S. announces the joyful news for everyone that it has been decided to reform lyceums, schools and gymnasiums according to the barracks model: They will only teach in our way: one, two; And the books will be kept like this: for big occasions. (Which, however, still does not quite suit Famusov, who knows a more reliable way of putting things in order: take all the books and burn them.) S. is a collective character in which Griboyedov's contemporaries recognized many: from divisional colonel Frolov to Grand Duke Nikolai Pavlovich, the future Emperor Nicholas I. In the extensive stage history of Grief from Wit, no solution to this image has yet been found that would be free from the masquerade, equally emphasized by the actors with the directorial decisions of various styles. The image of S. is based on the method of the grotesque, but not cartoon or caricature. Such an image requires an interpretation akin to the poetics of the play as a whole, which Griboyedov called the poetics of an excellent poem.
Sergei Sergeevich Skalozub is a minor character in Griboyedov's comedy Woe from Wit. An uninitiated colonel who wants to become a general.
Pavel Afanasevich refers Skalozub to the category of enviable Moscow suitors. According to Famusov, a wealthy officer who has weight and status in society is a good game for his daughter. Sophia herself did not like him.
In the work, the image of Skalozub is collected in separate phrases. Sergei Sergeevich joins Chatsky's speech with absurd reasoning. They betray his ignorance and ignorance.
Skalozub's traits
Skalozub joined the army, as was customary, at the age of 15. He linked his career and life with military affairs. In ten years he rose to the rank of colonel. Despite the great opportunities for career growth during the war years, he did not show much initiative, which is why he was awarded only one award. The authorities noted Skalozub for heroic deeds, and on the occasion of military celebrations.
Outwardly, the colonel is a tall and conspicuous man with a hoarse voice. Not young and not old, he is unpretentious in everyday life and is thinking about getting married. The availability of funds allows him to lead a secular lifestyle, play cards and appear at balls.
Sergei Sergeevich is scrupulous about his appearance. It is pulled over with straps to emphasize the chest, but at the same time wears simple things. He shows obvious dissatisfaction with the guards in uniforms embroidered with gold. Negative feelings in him are aroused not so much by clothing as by the literacy and free thinking of the representatives of the guard. It is to such young people that young ladies of that time gravitate.
The uneducated Skalozub disdains the literate and well-read, openly mocks his relative who is fond of books. Speaking a lot about military affairs and rejoicing at the prospect of organizing educational institutions on the principle of barracks, he is not an obvious defender of his homeland. A vivid evidence of this is the service in the musketeer regiment, which did not belong to the advanced.
Satisfied with himself, but not quick-witted and sluggish, Skalozub is not to the liking of Famusov's daughter.
The image of the hero in the work
In the comedy "Woe from Wit," Griboyedov demonstrated the manners of the 19th century and the opposition of the nobility of the old way and new progressive views, which were actively promoted by young people, which was typical for that period.
The Colonel is a classic representative of the old way of thinking. By the same standards, he is an enviable groom who has rank and money. The younger generation does not consider these ideals as such. This is evident in Sophia's response, calling the colonel too stupid to join her.
In the image of Skalozub, the writer ridiculed the entire Arakcheev army, which demanded unquestioning obedience and despised any free-thinking.
Another characteristic feature is effortless and cost-free promotion. It is obtained not by devoted service to the Motherland, but by the connections and "channels" that the colonel has.
The relative tragedy of the image is that it is not a caricature of a soldier's life. This is a real description of a representative of the officer corps of the time.
In contrast to such characters, the writer introduced his brother Sergei Sergeevich into the work. Also having in the past related to military affairs, he left the service. Being progressively minded, he could not stand the oppression of people like the colonel, and went to read books in the village. In a similar way, equipping a quiet life in the village, those who did not want to fawn on the authorities, who did not understand the coming changes, continued to live.
Comedy "Woe from Wit", written by A.S. Griboyedov in 1824, denounces the customs of the nobles of the early 19th century. The play presents a situation when, after the war of 1812, at a crucial time for Russia, people with progressive views on the structure of society began to appear in the noble society. The main theme of the work is the struggle of the "past century" with the "present century", the old against the new. The camp of the "past century" is represented in the play by a large number of people of different types. The characterization of Skalozub in the comedy "Woe from Wit" is of great importance for understanding the problematics of the work.
This hero is highly respected among Famus society. From the first pages of the book, we learn that Famusov considers him the most desirable contender for the hand of his daughter Sophia. In the play "Woe from Wit" Skalozub fully corresponds to the ideals of the Moscow noble society: "And the golden bag, and marks the generals." Sophia, as a sane girl, does not want to marry Skalozub at all. She considers him very stupid: "He will never utter a smart word - I don't care what is for him, what is in the water."
If Chatsky is not suitable for the role of Sophia's husband, because he “does not serve, that is, he does not find any benefit in that,” then Skalozub is a colonel. A high rank is the main thing that is appreciated in Moscow. The image of this hero is a satire on the Russian army of the Arakcheev period, when any free-thinking was persecuted, and thoughtless submission was required. In this regard, many young nobles resigned. A dull military drill then reigned in the army. That is why in Famus society they are so wary of Chatsky, who “would be glad to serve”, but does not want to “serve”, because this testifies to his dissent. Skalozub is "with stars and ranks", which means that everything is all right with him. In Famus society, even rudeness is forgiven him, which is not forgiven to Chatsky.
As a typical representative of the “past century,” Skalozub serves with the aim of enriching himself, gaining a solid weight in society, and not in order to take care of the safety of his homeland. In the comedy "Woe from Wit" Skalozub's army rank is very attractive to Famus' Moscow. In this regard, Chatsky gives an apt description of Skalozub: "A constellation of maneuvers and mazurka."
Ways to achieve high ranks and awards for people like Skalozub do not matter. Most often, a promotion in the noble environment of that time was achieved with the help of connections. Skalozub's character helps him to skillfully use these connections: "... To get ranks, there are many channels ... I just got to be a general."
Even Skalozub received his order not for military service, but on the occasion of military celebrations.
In the comedy "Woe from Wit", Skalozub's characterization would have been incomplete had it not been for the opposition of this hero with other representatives of the military class - progressive nobles respecting the human personality. It was these people who retired at that time. Such is Skalozub's cousin, who, despite the fact that "the rank followed him," left military service and went to live in the village, where "he began to read books." To refuse another rank is unthinkable for Skalozub. Skalozub speaks of his brother with disdain also because he is also an opponent of learning and education. It is from the lips of this hero at the Famusov's ball that the information about the reform of educational institutions according to the barracks type comes: “They will only teach in our way: one or two; and the books will be kept - like this: for great occasions. "
”Is no less bright than the figure of Famusov. “A constellation of maneuvers and mazurkas,” says Chatsky about Skalozub. In the person of this hero, Griboyedov caricatured the type of military who pay attention mainly to the external part of military service, are interested in the form that distinguishes one regiment from another, are engaged in drill, "shagistika", as they said then, and are deprived of that real military spirit that created the valor of the Russian army. Skalozub embodies all the vulgarity, all the limitations of such officers. His name testifies to the fact that he constantly "grins", jokes, tries to joke; but his witticisms are not ridiculous, but vulgar. Typical is his story about Princess Lasova, who, having fallen from a horse,
“... the other day I got hurt:
The jockey did not support - he thought it was visible flies.
And without that she is, as you can hear, clumsy,
Now the rib is missing
So he is looking for a husband for support. "
Typical is his answer to the question of Famusov, in what relationship Nastasya Nikolavna is with him:
"I don't know, sir, it's my fault:
We did not serve together with her. "
With this wit, Skalozub wants to show that nothing outside of military service interests him. What is it that interests him? "In uniforms, edging, shoulder straps, buttonholes ..." - a comparison of the guard with the army, in which the officers "everything is so fitted and the waists are so narrow" ...
Woe from wit. Maly Theater performance, 1977
Skalozub strives only for ranks, awards, promotions. He himself is a colonel, but already "marks the generals." It is interesting to know how he reached a high rank; He himself quite frankly says that he received a promotion not for personal merits, but by happy coincidences:
“I'm quite happy in my comrades, -
Vacancies are just open:
Then the elders will turn off others,
Others, you see, have been killed. "
The frankness with which Skalozub speaks about his promotion testifies to his extreme stupidity:
"Rechist, but it hurts not cunning",
- characterizes his servant Liza. Just like Famusov, he is convinced of the dangers of science and wants children to be taught to march in all lyceums and gymnasiums.
I will please you: everyone's rumor,
That there is a project about lyceums, schools, gymnasiums;
They will only teach in our way: one, two;
And the books will be kept like this: for big occasions.
That's what a son-in-law Famusov would like to have! But his daughter Sophia Skalozub is disgusted - and not only because she loves Molchalin. Sophia understands Skalozub's emptiness and stupidity. When Chatsky, trying to find out Sophia's attitude towards a possible groom, mentions:
For example, Colonel Skalozub:
And a golden bag, and marks the generals,
she answers:
How sweet! and I have fun with fear
Hear about frunt and ranks;
He hasn’t uttered a clever word for a while, -
I don't care what is for him, what is in the water.
Nothing promotes calm reading like a frosty winter at the dacha, a cupboard with old books, coffee and a good mug of mulled wine :) To my shame, I only came to a new reading of "Woe from Wit" now, twenty years after leaving school.
What do the heroes of Griboyedov look like now? Perhaps I will confine myself to Skalozub, who, quite unexpectedly for me, became one of the most interesting characters.
Nikolay Soloviev. Staged by the Maly Theater in 1938
By his own admission, Skalozub has been serving since 1809, as it was then supposed to be from 15 or 16 years old, because by the time the comedy took place in 1823, he was about thirty.
With the light hand of literary critics, it is believed that Skalozub received a cross on his neck for a successful review. Like, on August 3, 1813, hostilities have not yet been fought. In this regard, it makes sense to cite the colonel's story about his awards in full:
Famusov
Sergey Sergeich, is that you!
No! I crawl in front of my relatives, where I will meet;
I will find her at the bottom of the sea.
In my presence, foreign employees are very rare;
More and more sisters, sister-in-law of the child;
One Molchalin is not my own,
And then what is business.
How will you begin to imagine to a cross, to a place,
Well, how not to please a dear little man! ..
However, your brother was my friend and said,
That you received the darkness in your service.
Skalozub
In the thirteenth year my brother and I were different
In the thirtieth Jaeger, and then in the forty-fifth.
Famusov
Yes, happiness is someone who has such a son;
Has, it seems, a medal in his buttonhole? -
Skalozub
For the third of August, we sat down in a trench:
It was given to him with a bow, around my neck.
So, Skalozub unambiguously shares the "darkness of distinctions" received in the Foreign campaign, and the "medal in a buttonhole." What kind of "order" is constantly worn in civilian dress by a cousin, who by that time had already suddenly left the service and "began to read books in the village"?
Yes, the most coveted award of Russian officers is a small white cross of the Order of St. George of the 4th degree, which was supposed to "never be removed: for it is acquired by merit"! In civilian clothes, it was usually worn in a button loop.
If the brother received the 4th degree St. George Cross "with a bow", then Skalozub was awarded the 3rd degree St. George, who was really worn on a neck ribbon. But the colonel was not even twenty then! It turns out that Skalozub is twice a hero, since the Order of St. George was awarded only for feats performed on the battlefield at the risk of life. And we have been laughing at him since school.
For what business were the brothers awarded? On August 3, 1813 (old style), hostilities resumed in Bohemia. The weak French forces were quickly defeated, with the French losing all their artillery. This is hinted at by the draft version of the comedy, where Skalozub says to Famusov "We have captured the battery ...", for the capture of which, by the way, you could get George. However, in the final version, Grboedov sent Skalozubov into the trench instead of the battery.
M.V. Borisov "Fight for batteries" from the site www.1812db.simvolika.org
The trench clearly shows that the brothers participated in the siege or defense of the fortress. In World War II, it was the defense of Riga, which began earlier, in early July 1812, or the defense of Smolensk. The tone of the story speaks in favor of Smolensk, Skalozub tells Famusov about an event well known to Muscovites.
But in Smolensk there was a stone Kremlin, at first glance it was some kind of confusion, because it was supposed to be about a fortress wall. However, there were also trenches in Smolensk: on the Royal Bastion, built by the Poles after the capture of the city in the Time of Troubles on the site of the Faceted Tower mine destroyed by the explosion, and hastily dug along the fortress walls before the French approach.
Royal bastion. Now it has a garden
In the trenches along the walls, the life-rangers held the defense, and the army defended the bastion itself. He found himself in the center of the battle, the main blow of the troops of Davout and Ney fell on him. It was the stubborn and successful defense of the fortification that ensured the success of the battle.
And why Skalozub serves in the jaegers (the musketeer regiments were reorganized in them), where the undersized soldiers were recruited, because the old woman Khlestova calls him a "three-armed fellow" and wonders if the colonel served in the Kexholm grenadier regiment.
However, Khlestova, this living shard of Catherine's era, always starts a conversation with barbs. Since she started talking about grenadier growth, then, most likely, Skalozub did not stand out among his soldiers in any way. Then Griboyedov's remarks, according to which Skalozub speaks in bass, become clear. This is natural for a fellow who is two meters tall, and ridiculous for a colonel who is one meter tall with a cap and on skates. "Woe from Wit" is still a comedy.
By the way, Skalozub clearly serves in the Caucasus. The 45th Jaeger Regiment, which he could take over, was stationed in Abkhazia. For the wars with Persia and Turkey, the regiment received St. George's pipes.
This is how he turns out to be Colonel Skalozub. It may well become a character of Marina Tsvetaeva's girlish dreams: a constellation of maneuvers and mazurkas, whose spurs rang merrily and voices, which reached Paris, twice a hero in his incomplete twenty years.
