Lectures on literature for schoolchildren paustovsky telegram. Technologies: ICT (presentation)
Lesson topic: Loneliness is a damn thing ... "Based on the story of KG Paustovsky" Telegram ".
The purpose of the lesson:A lesson in morality and humanity will allow adolescents to reconsider their relationship to family and friends.
Lesson type: combined
Form of conducting: lesson - reflection
Technologies: ICT (presentation).
Methods: conversation, work with text, expressive reading.
Equipment: portrait of the writer, multimedia projector, screen.
Lesson topic: Loneliness is the damn thing ...
According to the story of K.G. Paustovsky "Telegram".
No! A person cannot live without relatives, just as one cannot live without a heart. K.G. Paustovsky.
The purpose of the lesson: determination of the ideological content of the work, the author's position, the formulation of a personal attitude to the problem raised by the writer.
Lesson Objectives:
- read the story of K.G. Paustovsky; analyze the content of the story, acting characters; be able, based on the text, to understand the topic, to determine the main idea; help students identify issues raised by the author;
- to identify the role of the author's intention in creating the characters of the heroes, their actions; observe, compare, draw conclusions; develop monologue speech; highlight significant episodes from the text for analysis; read expressively;
- to cultivate a sense of kindness, patience, sensitivity, respect, caring, attention towards their parents.
DURING THE CLASSES.
I. Organizational moment.
II. Introductory speech of the teacher.
- Good afternoon guys! I am very glad to see you. (Knock on the door, postman: "Telegrams for you"). To whom are telegrams? You guys! (distribute telegrams to students) (Appendix 1).
- Read it, please. (reading aloud the text of the telegram: "No! A person cannot live without relatives, just as one cannot live without a heart") From whom is the telegram?
- Telegram, guys, from Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky. (Slide number 3).
- What is the meaning of these words by the writer? (Student responses)
The conclusion of the teacher: Native people - mother, father, grandmother, grandfather, without whom, indeed, you cannot live. They are always there. They will listen, understand, support, help with a kind word.
III. Homework survey. Purpose: to check the assimilation of the content of the story, the ability to briefly retell the literary text, to determine the theme of the fiction.
- Today in the lesson we will reflect, guys, on the story of K.G. Paustovsky "Telegram". To begin with, let's recall the content of the story.
1. Brief retelling of the work.
2. Reflections on the story read.
- I think that the story did not leave you indifferent. Share your thoughts, impressions. (Student responses).
- Try to define the theme of the piece. What a story? (about mother and daughter, their relationship)
The conclusion of the teacher: The writer talks about the relationship between loved ones, mother and daughter. Do children, especially those who have matured, always rush to help their parents living far away, do they always write letters to them, call them, do they know how to take care of them, are they always kind to them, sympathetic, affectionate?
IV. Analysis of the story. Comprehension. Purpose: to promote the formation of the ability to analyze text, IVS; evaluate the actions of the heroes; formulate your point of view, draw conclusions.
1) Lesson topic.
Teacher's word: - Words by K.G. Paustovsky “No! A person cannot live without relatives, just as one cannot live without a heart, ”we will take as an epigraph to our lesson. They will help you understand the main idea of the story, reveal the author's intention. And the topic of the lesson is designated as follows: “Loneliness is a damn thing! This is what can destroy a person. " (Alexander Green). (Slide number 4)
2) "The main character". (Monological story. Reading episodes).
- Who is the main character of K.G. Paustovsky "Telegram"? (Katerina Petrovna). (Slide number 5).
- Tell us what you learned about her. (Katerina Petrovna lived out her days in an old house built by her father, a famous artist, "memorial", according to the hostess herself. She complained that there was no one to talk to about paintings, about St. Petersburg life. She once lived in Paris with her father, saw the funeral of Victor Hugo. Katerina Petrovna suffered greatly that her "only dear person" daughter Nastya, who lives in Leningrad, did not come to her, did not write letters).
Paustovsky depicts one more "living image" in parallel. What is it? (Nature). Let's turn to landscape sketches. (Reading episodes) ("The tangled grass in the garden fell ..."
- We see a picture of late autumn. Nature fades, dies, dies. What means of language does the author use to depict her? (epithets, impersonations)
- Now let's return to the heroine's house. Description of Katerina Petrovna's room. Her life is in the distant past. Let's pay attention to the details of the interior: "dusty pre-revolutionary magazine" Vestnik Evropy "," yellowed cups on the table "," a long-uncleaned samovar "," paintings that have faded from time to time. "
- What feelings does the autumn landscape evoke? Home interior? The landscape and the interior are similar. How? (Cause feelings of sadness, longing, loneliness, anxiety from neglect, uselessness, forgetfulness, abandonment)
- Let us recall the episode of a short walk by Katerina Petrovna: “She suffocated, stopped by an old tree, put her hand on a cold, wet branch and found out: it was a maple ... he flew around, chilled, he had nowhere to get away from this homeless, windy night ..." (Sadness , longing in the heart of Katerina Petrovna. She remembered her youth and perceived the maple as a native creature: he is as lonely and homeless as she).
- Compare the two images "alive" and "animate". Their condition. What is the relationship between them? (The writer, with the help of landscape sketches, shows the state of mind of the protagonist. They are doomed. The garden "bloomed", Katerina Petrovna "lived out")
The conclusion of the teacher: Katerina Petrovna lives out her life in oblivion and loneliness. Loneliness is twice as terrible and terrible if the sufferers have relatives who do not show attention and care.
3) Relatives. (Monological story. Selective reading)
- The dying Katerina Petrovna constantly thinks about her daughter Nastya, who is in distant Leningrad. (Slide number 7)
- What did you learn about Nastya, about her life, work, affairs? (Nastya is the only daughter of Katerina Petrovna. She lives in Leningrad, works as a secretary in the Union of Artists. She has a lot of work: organizing exhibitions, competitions. She shows persistence, determination, ardent interest, attention to the artist's fate, helping him organize an exhibition. , respect, pin great hopes on her. Careerist. But about her mother she completely forgot "there were no letters from Nastya either, but once every two or three months ... the postman Vasily brought Katerina Petrovna a transfer for two hundred rubles").
- How does Nastya characterize her attitude towards her mother? (We run into a wall of heartlessness, indifference, callousness, selfishness)
- Is Nastya soulless to everyone, to everything? (Not at all. She sympathizes with the sculptor Timofeev, spends a lot of time organizing his exhibition. "Caring for a person becomes that wonderful reality that helps us grow and work", "We owe this exhibition entirely to one of the ordinary employees of the Union, our dear Anastasia Semyonovna." - these words addressed to Nastya). (Slide number 8)
- Remember how the artists called Nastya? (Solveig is a solar path or ray). Why? (For her care, exactingness, for the ability to bring the matter to the end)
- How could it happen that Nastya, caring about others, shows inattention to her own mother? (It's one thing to get carried away with work, do it with all your heart, give it all your strength, physical and mental, and it's another thing to remember about your loved ones, about your mother - the most holy being in the world, not limited to money transfers. Tests for true humanity Nastya can't stand it.)
- Does Katerina Petrovna condemn her daughter? (Katerina Petrovna knew that Nastya had no time for her, the old woman, "they, the young, have their own affairs, their own incomprehensible interests, their own happiness."
The conclusion of the teacher: Anyway, Nastya failed to achieve harmony between worries about the “distant” and love for the closest person. This is the tragedy of her position, this is the reason for the feeling of irreparable guilt, unbearable heaviness.
4) Others' loved ones.
- Nastya's guilt before her mother looks especially clear in comparison with the behavior of people who are strangers to her mother, who show sincere concern for her - Manyushka and Tikhon.
- Who is next to her? Who are these people?
(Manyushka, the daughter of a collective farm shoemaker, comes running every day to fetch water from the well, wash the floors, put on the samovar. For six days she did not leave Katerina Petrovna, without undressing, sleeping on an old sofa) (Slide number 9).
(Tikhon is a watchman at a fire shed. He was often busy with the housework, out of pity, but still helped with the housework: he chopped dead trees in the garden for firewood. Tikhon could not look at the “hunched over, little” woman. postman Vasily, took the telegraph form and wrote a telegram and brought it to Katerina Petrovna). (Slide number 10)
- What feelings did they show for Katerina Petrovna? (care, respect, affection)
- Remember how Tikhon Manyushka raised, what did he tell her? (“For good, pay with good, don't be a kestrel,” says Tikhon Manyushka.
- How did you understand the meaning of this phrase? (PUSTELGA - 1. A bird of prey of the falcon family. 2. A frivolous, empty person (colloquial Disagreeable) (Nastya turned out to be such a kestrel).
The conclusion of the teacher: These are fellow villagers of Katerina Petrovna. Simple people. They helped her, showing compassion, care. People with a good heart. But they could not constantly be with Katerina Petrovna. They have their own affairs, family concerns. In their absence, Katerina Petrovna was alone.
4) Letter. (Slide number 11).
- Katerina Petrovna is writing a letter to Nastya. ("My beloved," wrote Katerina Petrovna. "I won't survive this winter. Come even for a day. Let me look at you, hold your hands. I became old and weak to the point that it's hard for me not only to walk, but even to sit and lie, death has forgotten the way to me. The garden is drying up, it’s not at all the same, but I don’t see it. This autumn is bad. It's so hard; my whole life, it seems, has not been as long as this autumn alone ")
- Nastya received a letter from her mother. How did she react to him? (“I hid it in my purse without reading it, since the mother writes, it means she’s alive”).
- What words should have alerted Nastya? (I became old and weak to the point that it’s hard for me not only to walk, but even to sit and lie, death has forgotten the way to me)
- Why? (The mother is lonely, sick, helpless, she needs care. She wants to die, she is tired of being alone).
The conclusion of the teacher: Nastya did not respond to the letter, the request of the mother. She did not show sympathy, respect, cordiality, love for her mother, while at the same time caring for the well-being of strangers to her.
5) Conscience.
- Who awakens her consciousness? (Gogol (sculpture): “mockingly, knowing her through and through, he looked at her”, “And the letter was unopened in my purse,” Gogol’s piercing eyes seemed to say. “Oh, you, magpie!”) (Slide number 12).
The conclusion of the teacher: Gogol appeals to conscience. The great satirist N.V. Gogol, and the author of the story K.G. Paustovsky showed that Nastya is deprived of true soulfulness, humanity. She thinks only of herself, of her career.
6) Telegram.
- Nastya receives a telegram: “Katya is dying. Tikhon ". (Slide number 13).
- Did Nastya have time for her mother's funeral? What happened? (Slide number 14 + Sound-song "Sad song about mom." Listen to 1, 2 verses or 2 verses). (Other options are possible)
The conclusion of the teacher. Nastya lost her dear, closest person - her mother. Katerina Petrovna dies without waiting for her daughter. Dying of loneliness and melancholy. The daughter does not make it to her mother's funeral in time. Nastya left Zaborye stealthily so that no one would see her and ask about anything. (Slide number 15).
- Why was Nastya scared? (human judgment)
- Who could forgive Nastya? (Only her mother could forgive her: "... no one, except Katerina Petrovna, could remove irreparable guilt and unbearable severity from her").
- Why does the writer introduce the image of a young teacher? (There are people on earth with a kind, sensitive heart who will never pass by someone else's grief. “There, in the regional city, she has a mother - this is the same little one, always worried about her daughter and the same completely gray-haired”).
The conclusion of the teacher: Let's re-read the episode "Funeral". How does nature change? (Frosty, but fresh and clear. Katerina Petrovna's suffering is over. She calmed down forever).
IV. Lesson summary.
(students draw one inanimate object in each square)
Purpose: to lead students to the definition of the ideological content of the work
- A sad story ... Guys, we defined the theme of the work at the beginning of the lesson. (a story about the relationship between parents and children, mother and daughter). Let's get back to the epigraph: “No! A person cannot live without relatives ... ”. How did the words of K.G. Paustovsky to understand the ideological content of the story? (A person cannot live without relatives. Elderly parents require special attention. They often get sick. They need care, attention, help, love. And if there are no loved ones nearby, they are helpless and lonely. man. ”(Alexander Grin).
- What does the author call the reader to? (Remember about your parents - this is your sacred duty to those who gave you life. Now, when you are with your parents, surround them with care, warmth, attention. Help them cope with household chores. Study well, making them happy with your successes. Love yours relatives, call them more often, visit them, do not skimp on affectionate words, tell them more about yourself, they are interested in knowing about every step of your life). (Slide number 16).
V. News to relatives. (Song "Mom - the first word")
“I suggest you send telegrams to your parents. Write them kind, warm words of love. Give them joy. I will deliver your telegrams to the addressee. (all write telegrams, collect).
Vi. Reflection. Slide 17
"Plus - minus - interesting"
A PLUS
(write down everything that you liked in the lesson, caused positive emotions)
MINUS
(write down everything that did not like in the lesson, caused dislike, seemed boring)
INTERESTING
(write down interesting facts that you learned in the lesson, what else would you like to know on this topic, questions to the teacher)
VII. Assignment at home. Slide 18
1) Write an essay on the topic "What was Nastya left with?"
All the best! Thank you for the lesson!
Moral lesson
based on the story of K.G. Paustovsky "Telegram"
"There is no one closer and dearer than mother"
Honor your father and your mother, so it will be good for you,
And you will be long lasting
on the ground.
(the fifth commandment of God)
There is an amazing creature in the world, before
To which we are eternally indebted
M.Gorky
Lesson objectives:
Metasubject:
1. Formation of ideas about morality: kindness, sensitivity, responsiveness, mercy.
2. Revealing the spiritual and moral values by which the heroes live.
Educational:
Form:
1. the skills of independent text analysis;
2. the ability to express your attitude to what you read;
3.the ability to highlight the most important qualities in a person
4. the ability to reveal the positive and negative character traits of the characters.
Educational:
1) learn to care for those who are dear
2. To develop the ability to be caring, attentive and grateful children.
Introductory speech of the teacher.
Guys, today we have an unusual lesson - a lesson in morality based on the story of G.K. Paustovsky "Telegram", with whom you met at home. I hope you read it carefully. And what does the word "morality" mean? Let's turn to the explanatory dictionaries of V. Dahl and Ozhegov. (Students find the meaning of the word)
Morality is the inner spiritual qualities that a person is guided by; rules of conduct determined by these qualities. (Ozhegov)
What do you think, what concepts does morality include?
(Kindness, sensitivity, mercy, compassion, conscience, responsiveness, honesty, justice).
Remember the work in which we studied these moral categories. ("Lapti "I. Bunin," French Lessons "by V. Rasputin," Yushka "by A. Platonov)
What do these stories have in common? (They make you think about kindness, sensitivity, love for loved ones, they teach you to be not indifferent)
And what is the story "Telegram" by K. Paustovsky about? What problems does the author touch on? (attitude of children to parents, sensitivity, mercy)
I outlined the topic of our lesson with the words "There is no one closer and dearer than a mother."
Which of the heroes and when utters these words? (Nastya, when she learns that her mother is dying)
Tell me, what is a "telegram"? Have you ever received it? Imagine a moment like this. What would you experience in a similar situation? (When you don't expect any news, the first feeling is anxiety, anxiety)
Guys, how is the title of the story reflected in the content? (there were two telegrams in the story)
Did they fulfill their mission? (one was late, the other did not believe)
Was it worth mentioning them? Maybe the author has something else in mind ?, speaks of another disturbing news? (Perhaps the name is symbolic) Or maybe the telegram is addressed to us? (the author addresses us with this story).
So, in today's lesson we will try to answer the problematic question:
"What did you hear in the telegram from Paustovsky?"
Please name the heroes of the story. (Katerina Petrovna, Nastya, Tikhon, Manyushka)
To understand what moral lesson Paustovsky teaches us, I suggest you analyze the system of images of the work, working in groups. Each of the 4 groups will receive its own image and task. During work, write down the character traits of the hero on the sheet.
(The task is on the slide and is given to children in groups). Prepare a coherent story with textual confirmation about one of the heroes. Explain his actions and try to see by what means of artistic expression the attitude of the hero to Katerina Petrovna, who was in the face of death, is shown.
The study of textual material should be carried out approximately in the following categories: landscape, portrait, interior, character, speech, actions, details.
You know, I.A. Bunin said that prose has the same melody as poetry, music. I propose to work to the music of PI Tchaikovsky "October" and pay attention to the tonality of music and landscape in the work. (Music sounds)
Analytical conversation in the image of Katerina Petrovna. Group 1.
Guys, what touched you, touched you in the fate of this woman? "What did you learn about the inhabitant of the house Katerina Petrovna? How is she living? What is her state of mind? How does she live?"
- Katerina Petrovna lives in the village of Zaborie. Her father is a famous artist, the "memorial" house, she is the "last inhabitant" of it. She has no relatives except her daughter. There is no one to talk to about pictures, about Petersburg life; once lived in Paris with her father, saw the funeral of Victor Hugo, a French writer. Kind - suffers from loneliness, but does not reproach her daughter; silently sits on the sofa, hunched over, small, all going through some pieces of paper in the reticule; at times she cries quietly, for her the nights are long, hard, she has insomnia, does not know how to survive until morning.
Everything described takes place in the cold autumn. In general, the word cold occurs several times. The author paints a grim picture:
The tangled grass in the garden lay down ... "(Confused, because it was tall, unmown, wet from the rain.)" They were dragging over the meadows because of the river (they were just dragging, not floating), clinging to the flying willows, loose clouds "(clouds go low; they seem to dissolve in space, are devoid of strict outlines.) "Rain was pouring out of them annoyingly."
Only a small sunflower stands out at the fence, but it also blooms, and it is alone among the gray, black, and therefore it becomes sad.
Let's try to convey the state of mind of the heroine:
(lonely, disappointed, heartache, on translations she smells Nastya's perfume, does not lose hope of her daughter's arrival).
In what episode is it especially felt that Katerina Petrovna's hope for her daughter's arrival is not completely lost? (Reading from the words "Somehow at the end of October ..." before "... wandered into the house").
The metaphor in the sentence "Forgotten stars gazed shrilly at the earth." the author uses the word forgotten to emphasize the loneliness of Katerina Petrovna, because she was, as it were, "forgotten," and the stars understand this and therefore look shrilly.
What is the role of the episode of the encounter with the maple?(They have the same destiny. no one is waiting either, she also has nowhere to go, she just lives out).
Man suffers, and nature in Paustovsky "sympathizes" with him. It was after meeting with the maple that she decided to write a letter to her daughter.
(Students read the letter (slide): "My darling," wrote Katerina Petrovna. "I won't survive this winter. Come even for a day. Let me look at you, hold your hands. I became old and weak to the point that it's hard for me not only to walk, but even to sit and lie, death has forgotten the way to me. The garden is drying up, it’s not at all the same, but I don’t see it. This autumn is bad. It's so hard; my whole life, it seems, has not been as long as this autumn alone. "
What surprised you in the letter?
No joy, just loneliness. The lamentations (at the end) of Matryona's grandmothers say “so sincere, cordial, and lonely” and how her words to Nastya sound like a reproach: “she has obviously flown high”
Longing breaks through in the letter, she put all the power of mother's love into the letter. No, she was in no way amazed that she somehow simply wrote about the approach of death ("I will not survive this winter", "death has forgotten the way to me").
And it is also surprising that in such a short letter she writes about the surrounding nature: usually in letters they inform about acquaintances or relatives. And Katerina Petrovna mentions the garden, about autumn.
Indeed, the image of Katerina Petrovna is very integral. Paustovsky masterfully shows the delicate makeup of the soul of Katerina Petrovna. She and the world around her are a single whole. And what does her name mean?
Katerina (Greek) - pure, immaculate. This is how we represent her (slide)
Thanks. You have revealed the image of Katerina Petrovna in great detail.
Analytical conversation in the image of Nastya. Group 2.
What do we learn about Nastya's life and occupation?
Nastya is the only daughter of Katerina Petrovna. Lives in Leningrad, works as a secretary in the Union of Artists; a lot of work, arranges exhibitions. In postal orders, the same words: there are so many things to do that there is no time not only to come, even to write a real letter. Once every two to three months, he sends a transfer for 200 rubles; last time came three years ago ..
Nastya received a letter from her mother. How did she react to him? Why? (I hid it in my purse; once she writes, it means she is alive).
- Nastya is carefree, indifferent, heartless.
What is the revelatory epithet? (Cold eyes - about a cruel heart).
But after all, we read in the text: “After work, Nastya had to go to the studio of the young sculptor Timofeev, see how he lives, in order to report this to the board of the Union. Timofeev complained that he was being overwritten, that he was not allowed to turn around. "
And is she ready to help him? Prove that she has no intention of backing down.
Well, let's fight together. She left with the firm intention to wrest this talented person out of obscurity by all means. In the Union of Artists she spoke for a long time, arguing that it was necessary to arrange an exhibition.
Was the exhibition a success? Whose merit is this?
Why do you think Nastya selflessly helps the sculptor Timofeev? Is she selfless? (Careerist. A discussion began, they talked about attention to a person, undeservedly forgotten artist. This exhibition is entirely due to Anastasia Semyonovna, she was applauded).
It is very strange that Nastya, so indifferent to her mother, was able to understand the obstinate artist. Paustovsky uses the technique of contrast in the depiction of Nastya's character, shows the discrepancy between her actions and praise. (Read out)
Nastya read the letter she received from her mother only in the evening and said: “Where to go there now! I fiddled with the exhibition for two weeks ”. And at this time in Zaborie the mother was dying.
Received a telegram during the exhibition. How does it behave?
Which Katya is dying? Shouldn't be for me; found out the address, crumpled up the telegram, frowned. To the question: “Something unpleasant?”, The answer: “No, this is so, from an acquaintance.
Who seems to awaken her consciousness? (I felt someone's heavy look all the time; Gogol looked at her with a grin; It seemed to Nastya that Gogol said quietly: “Oh, you!”).
I understand: she committed a betrayal, and Gogol gives an assessment of her actions. He sees through and through falsehood and betrayal, despises her for her vanity and selfishness.
Did Nastya feel Gogol's reproach? -Has Nastya's conscience awakened? Show the dynamics of awakening.
(She got up quickly, dressed hastily, ran out into the street, remembered “my beloved” - she began to cry; realized that no one loved her as much as this decrepit old woman abandoned by everyone; jumped up, ran to the railway station - just to be in time; there were no tickets; felt that she would burst into tears. On the same evening, Nastya left).
This scene culminates in the central part of the story. Nastya regained her sight, realized that she had a wrong attitude towards her mother, a conscience awoke in her, the understanding that she would never see her mother again.
Find in explanatory dictionaries what the word "conscience" means? (Feelings of moral responsibility for their behavior)
- The name "Nastya" (Greek) - resurrects, so I want to believe that she will change.
Indeed, the mother could have reassured, forgiven, but she is not, and now she will feel guilty for the rest of her life. It turns out that it is possible not to be in time, not to say the most important thing, to the one who was and, it seems, will always be.
What biblical commandment did Nastya break? ( fifth)
The poet Valentin Berestov put it very simply:
Loved you for no particular reason
For being a grandson
For being a son
For being a baby
For growing
Because he looks like mom and dad.
And this love for the rest of your days
Will remain your secret support.
It was this support in life that Nastya lost. So what qualities of character did we see in Nastya? (Pinned on the board) (Callousness, indifference, heartlessness, selfishness, ostentatious kindness, vanity, falsity.)
Nastya did not pay due attention to her mother. But the world is not without good people. And they turned out to be like that. Who is this?
Analytical conversation in the image of Tikhon. Group 3.
- Tikhon, unlike Nastya, showed real humanity, sensitivity, care and taught a moral lesson to Manyushka. ”Don't be a kestrel! For good, pay with good. "". What do you mean" kestrel? (On the slide)
Kestrel - 1. A bird of prey from the falcon family.
2. A frivolous, empty person (colloquial disapproval).
The watchman Tikhon helps the old woman: he chops, saws, chops old trees for firewood. Also does not know how to speak beautifully. But, taking pity on Katerina Petrovna, he gives a telegram to Nastya. Without waiting for an answer, he commits a forgery: he brings an imaginary telegram from his daughter to a dying woman.
Why did he decide to cheat? (to support her, comfort her, soften the bitterness of loneliness and the last moments of her life).
Two telegrams: real and imaginary, in both of them there is a big soul of a common person, not at all dear to Katerina Petrovna, but to some extent more human than her own daughter. The essence of a person is manifested in his actions. How do you rate Tikhon? (A sheet with Tikhon's character traits is pinned on the board)
Analytical conversation in the image of Manyushka. Group 4.
Together with Tikhon, the girl Manyushka was next to Katerina Petrovna. She took the place that her daughter Nastya should take.
Manyushka, the daughter of a collective farm shoemaker, comes running every day to fetch water from the well, wash the floors, and put on the samovar. For six days I did not leave Katerina Petrovna, without undressing, sleeping on an old sofa. From her speech it is clear that she is not very literate, a simple girl, but she understands that a person is in trouble - she needs to help
The girl surrounds the lonely old woman with warmth and care. Mercy and compassion are manifested in a little girl more than in a daughter.
- I was deeply touched by the episode when Manyushka took the letter to the post office (reads it out) "Tin emptiness" in the mailbox has a meaningful meaning: the same emptiness in the soul of Katerina Petrovna. It is a great pity for the girl for this old lonely woman, She is scared of death, shaking, but at the funeral he carries the lid of the coffin,
Which of the heroes showed a humane attitude towards Katerina Petrovna? ( Tikhon and Manyushka ) (We read on the dock the words-characteristics of each of the heroes) These are ordinary people whom Paustovsky loved. They are invisible, they are not used to talking beautifully, but they will not pass by other people's grief. And what about their own daughter? (She forgot about her mother)
Yes, no actions can justify a daughter if she has forgotten about her own mother.
And why, in your opinion, is the image of a young teacher introduced into the story?
I think that this image is opposed to the image of Nastya. After all, the teacher immediately remembered about her mother, who remained in the city.
It seems to me that her heart is kind, because she did not know Katerina Petrovna, but went after the coffin, then, during the funeral, she kissed the "dried-up yellow hand" of the deceased.
Why did she do it?
She, apparently, understood all the horror of this woman's loneliness, felt some kind of guilt in front of her, realizing that all young people, living their interesting lives, are guilty before their mothers, giving them little attention.
Probably, the young teacher better than Nastya understands this and, perhaps, will educate her students with kind, sympathetic people.
The writer kind of warns this teacher: be attentive to your mother..
And, I am sure that it also depends on you and me, so that there are fewer such Katherines on Earth. You also have grandmothers, great-grandmothers, grandfathers. And how often do you call them, while away the evenings with a cup of tea, devote your time to them, to those who gave and are giving you their love just for being you, for being their people?
Let's go back to the diagrams on which you have placed the words denoting universal human values in each character. And maybe Paustovsky was able to help us look into ourselves, and something in your worldview, worldview has changed? Try again to determine the place of the listed values in your life. And to whom does the author send the telegram? What did you hear in it? At the level of reflection, we will try to answer the problematic question of our lesson.
Reflection
The lesson helped me to think ...
(about how scary it is to lose mom;
About loneliness, kindness and mercy
About humanity, about the attitude towards mom
About my family
About what price Nastya paid for her selfishness
Why did Nastya not understand that her mother did not need money.)
What did I hear in Paustovsky's telegram?
- (you can't be as inhuman as Nastya
Need to take care of mom
I don’t know much, but I will never act like Nastya
Old people need our support
I love my mother very much and am afraid of losing her
You cannot make mistakes that cannot be corrected.
I will never become a magpie and a kestrel»)
What telegram would you write to Nastya? (Students write telegrams to Nastya on the forms)
(-Nastya, I wish you to find humanity.
Nastya, change your mind! You can't do that! After all, you have only one mother!
Nastya, I wish your soul to thaw.
Oh you, forty. I feel sorry for you.
Nastya, late you realized your mistake. God forbid that the same thing happens to you.
- Kestrel. What you have done is incorrigible.
Now listen to the parting words:
Don't forget that mother gave us drink
The father raised his own child,
Therefore, fear in your carelessness
Spill a drop of poison into their old hearts
In addition - an hour blowjob: you will be an old man yourself,
See, do not violate the sacred order.
(From the book “In the world of wise thoughts Hierou
Slide captions:
based on the story of K. Paustovsky "TELEGRAM" The Lesson of Morality.
Morality is a warehouse of the soul, expressed in passions and actions. Aristotle Morality is the mind of the heart. G. Heine
Assignment to groups. Prepare a coherent story with textual confirmation about one of the heroes. Explain his actions and try to see by what means of artistic expression the attitude of the hero to Katerina Petrovna, who was in the face of death, is shown. The study of textual material should be carried out approximately in the following categories: landscape, portrait, interior, character, speech, actions, details.
This is how we imagine Katerina Petrovna, the heroine of the story "Telegram".
Katerina Petrovna's letter to her daughter: “My darling! I will not survive this winter. Come just for a day. Let me look at you, hold your hands. I became old and weak to the point that it’s hard for me not only to walk, but even to sit and lie down - death has forgotten the way to me. The garden is drying up - it’s not at all the same - and I don’t see it. Autumn is bad today. So hard; my whole life, it seems, has not been as long as this one autumn "
They loved you for no particular reason For being a grandson, For being a son, For being a baby, For growing up, For looking like dad and mom. And this love will remain your secret support until the end of your days. V. Berestov.
Kestrel - 1. A bird of prey from the falcon family; 2. A frivolous empty person (colloquial)
Reflection The lesson helped me to think ... I understood ... In a telegram from Paustovsky I heard ...
Do not forget that the mother remembered us, the Father brought up his own child Therefore, fear in his carelessness In their old hearts, shed a drop of poison, In addition, an hour blowjob: you will be an old man yourself, Look, do not violate the sacred order. (from the book "In the world of wise thoughts" N. Hierow.) Parting words.
Homework: write a letter - repentance to your mom (bring in an envelope)
Lesson-reflection on the story of K. G. Paustovsky "Telegram". Extracurricular reading lesson.
Theme: "God forbid you ..." Reflections on the hard work and unemployment of the soul.
Target:
To create conditions for understanding the main idea of the story, the plan of the writer, warning that insight is belated, that mental callousness is destructive and brings terrible results;
Create conditions for the formation of an attentive, thoughtful reader; the desire to evaluate their actions, their attitude towards people.
Preparing students for the lesson:
A letter that Nastya Katerina Petrovna could write (individual assignment for 4-5 students);
Retelling of the episodes "Nastya Receives a Letter" and "Manyushka Sends a Letter to Katerina Petrovna" on behalf of the characters (according to options).
Proverbs about the mother and their interpretation (whole class);
The poems “What you, mother, were for me” by H. Khudaiberdyeva and “Our mothers are leaving us” by E. Yevtushenko ”- by heart (2 people).
During the classes:
Introduction.
In one of N. Zabolotsky's poems there are lines: "The soul is obliged to work day and night, and day and night." Today we will reflect on this (about the hard work and unemployment of the soul using the example of KG Paustovsky's story "Telegram".
One of the writer's books is called The Golden Rose. It contains Paustovsky's thoughts about writing.
There is a chapter in the book called "Notches in the Heart", in which the author tells, on the basis of which he wrote the story "Telegram".
Why do you think the writer called this chapter that way? (This is about those events that leave traces in the heart, make you think about your life, actions, your attitude towards people)
In this chapter, Paustovsky tells about an amazing woman, Katerina Ivanovna Pozhalostina, whom he met while living in the Ryazan region in the house of the academician of painting Ivan Petrovich Pozhalostin. This story left notches in the heart of the writer, and later poured into the content of the story "Telegram". Katerina Ivanovna later became the prototype of the heroine of the story "Telegram".
Not everything that was real, seen and thought over was included in the story. The lines that, as Paustovsky said, “were persistently remembered then” were not included there either:
The rainy day is extinguished, the rainy night is dark
It spreads across the sky like leaden clothes,
Like a ghost, behind a pine grove
The misty moon has risen.
Why did these lines haunt the writer?
Nature created her own special mood. "Autumn will have many signs," Paustovsky said, "but one thing I know for sure - that I will never forget this autumn bitterness ..."
Landscape.
The landscape also plays a special role in the story. Which one? Show this with examples (Students give examples and comment on them: "October was extremely cold, rainy. The tangled grass in the garden died, and everything was blooming and only one small sunflower at the fence could not bloom and crumble."
“Over the meadows, loose clouds dragged themselves from behind the river, clinging to the flying willows. Rain was pouring down from them. "
“The nights were already long, heavy, like insomnia. The dawn hesitated more and more, was late and reluctantly oozed into the unwashed windows. "
“The forgotten stars looked piercingly at the earth. Fallen leaves prevented walking. ")
What role does the landscape play in the work?
Does nature accompany Nastya, who lives in Leningrad? Why? Was it just because she lived in the city? (No, there are parks, gardens, squares)
And Katerina Petrovna lives in harmony with nature. Even seeing her off on her last journey, nature dressed up. Read this passage. ("A thin snow fell. The day turned white, and the sky was dry, bright ... Dali stood gray-gray behind the river. They were drawn by the sharp and cheerful smell of snow captured by the first frost of willow bark."
Letter.
That night when K.P. met and, probably, said goodbye to her maple, she wrote a letter to Nastya.
With what feeling could it have been written? (Read the letter expressively: "My beloved ... I will not survive this winter. Come even for a day. Let me look at you, hold your hands. I became old and weak to the point that it’s hard for me to walk, and even sit and lie - death has forgotten the way to me. The garden is drying up - it’s not at all the same, but I don’t see it. Today the autumn is bad. So hard; my whole life, it seems, has not been as long as this autumn alone. "
This letter in the story remained unanswered, and I asked you to come up with your own letter, the one that KP had been waiting for and wanted to receive, or a letter with belated remorse. (Reading letters invented by students.)
Nastya did not write the letter. She lived in a big city, worked as a secretary in the Union of Artists.
Let's try to retell the following episodes from the perspective of the characters:
Nastya receives a letter;
Manyushka sends a letter to K.P.
How are these episodes different?
"Leningrad" pages
The "Leningrad" pages have a special meaning. What questions do they ask you? (Students ask their questions to these pages: from Nastya's participation in the artist's life to receiving a letter from K.P.)
Some of the questions asked by students:
Can we talk about the callousness of Nastya, knowing about her participation in the fate of the artist? (Professional interest prevailed over subsidiary debt.)
When did the first bell of the awakened conscience ring? ("Drilling Gogol's eyes.")
Why did the sculptural image of Gogol have such an effect on Nastya? (Gogol is a satirist who, according to Pushkin, “had an amazing ability to guess a person right away.” Nastya, of course, knew about this.)
What is Nastya thinking after reading the letter? What does this tell you?
What have we seen?
For which the artists called Nastya Solveig (kind, faithful, morally pure)
What is the paradox? (Discrepancy between appearance and inner essence.)
Lines from a poem by N. Zabolotsky involuntarily come to mind:
There are faces - the likeness of wretched hovels,
Where the liver is cooked and the abomasum gets wet.
Other cold, dead faces
Closed with bars like a dungeon
Others, like towers in which
Nobody lives and looks out the window. "
On the reception of contrast.
One of the artistic devices in the story is the method of contrast, which shows the discrepancy between the actions of the heroine and the praise addressed to her.
Comment on the scene of the discussion of the exhibition from this point of view: “A discussion has begun. They talked a lot, praised them, got excited, and the thought thrown by the old artist about attention to a person, to a young, undeservedly forgotten sculptor, was repeated in every speech. "
Why didn't Nastya say about the telegram?
Expressive reading of a poem by Halima Khudaiberdyeva by a student:
What were you, mom, for me?
A bow with a tinkling bowstring.
I am your last arrow -
To a distant goal launched by you.
I sometimes think in anxiety:
Mom, what will be poor with you,
If to me - your cherished arrow -
Not to reach the goal of the reserved?
You don't have another arrow!
Maybe the thought of this made Nastya get up, get dressed quickly and run out into the street?
Read this episode. ("Watery snow was pouring down. Gray frost appeared at St. Isaac's Cathedral. The gloomy sky descended lower and lower on the city, on Nastya, on the Neva ...
Nastya sat down on a bench in the park near the Admiralty and wept bitterly. Snow melted on his face, mixed with tears.
Nastya shuddered from the cold and suddenly realized that no one loved her as much as this decrepit old woman abandoned by everyone, there, in the boring Zaborie. ")
Why does the description of nature appear here?
"Wait, I left, I am staying your always loving daughter, Nastya"
Why K.P. said to Tikhon, who was reading this telegram: “Don't, Tisha, don't, dear. God is with you".
How did she understand that the telegram was not from Nastya?
Why did Tikhon deceive K.P.?
“There is a most beautiful creature in the world, to whom we are always in debt - this is a mother,” wrote M. Gorky.
Tikhon knew and remembered this, the disinterested Manyushka - ordinary people, people from the people. It is no coincidence that folk wisdom is contained in proverbs. There are such proverbs about mother, kindness, duty.
Read and comment on the proverbs that you have found. (A mother's heart is in children, and a child's is in a stone, "There is no friend more tender than a mother," "It is warm in the sun, but good in the presence of a mother.")
The path of our hard reflections on conscience, hard work and unemployment of the soul ends in this lesson. Let's go back to the beginning. The story is called "Telegram".
What telegram are we talking about, since there were two? Why about the second one?
In the topic of our lesson K. Paustovsky's phrase "God forbid you ..." is not finished. We could probably complete it. How? (“God forbid you” to be late - forget about your mother - forget that you may not have time to say words of love and gratitude to your mother - forget about your daughter's and filial duties, etc.)
Expressive reading of the poem "Mothers are leaving" by Evgeny Yevtushenko:
Our mothers are leaving us
go away little by little
on tiptoe,
and we sleep peacefully
satiated with food,
not noticing this terrible hour.
Mothers do not leave us immediately,
it only seems to us that right away.
They leave slowly and strangely
small steps on the steps of years.
Suddenly recollecting himself nervously in some year,
we celebrate their birthdays noisily,
but this is a belated joy
not save our souls.
They are all removed,
all are deleted.
We reach out to them,
waking up from a dream,
but hands suddenly hit the air -
a glass wall has grown in it!
We are late.
The terrible hour has struck.
We look with hidden tears,
like silent stern columns
our mothers are leaving us ...
Lesson based on the story of KG Paustovsky "Telegram".
(lesson is designed for 2 hours)
"Notches in the heart"(slide 3)
Lesson epigraph:
“Pay for goodness with goodness,
don't be a kestrel "
(K.G. Paustovsky)
Lesson objectives:
To get acquainted with the story of K.G. Paustovsky "Telegram"
Find out the spiritual issues of the story
Expand students' understanding of composition
(the ability to highlight parts of a story, title each, choose an epigraph)
4. Teach children to be attentive to the artistic word. (slide 4
Lesson plan.
Introductory speech of the teacher.
When you call the name of Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky, the Meshchera region, the middle zone of Russia, with its discreet beauty comes to life in memory. But Paustovsky is both the south, which is associated with "Kara-Bugaz", "Black Sea", and the north, which gave rise to such books as "Lake Front",
"Northern story". However, the most fortunate for the writer was his acquaintance with central Russia. This is how Paustovsky says about her: "She took possession of me immediately and forever ... Since then, I have not known anything closer to me than our ordinary Russian people, and nothing more beautiful than our land." It is here that "Meshche0rskaya Side", "The Tale of the Forests", "Telegram", "Deep in Russia" were written.
The writer has always been interested in the life of wonderful people. This is the story "The Magician", dedicated to A. Green, stories, stories, essays about Chekhov, Blok, Lermontov and Gogol.
But still, Paustovsky wrote more often about people simple and unknown, about whom we read with excitement, although these works do not have a sharp plot, exciting incidents. What's the matter? Maybe in an extraordinary love for people? Maybe in the ability to stop and look closely at what surrounds you? I think we will try to answer these and other questions while working on the story "Telegram"
2. Let's get acquainted with the history of the creation of the story "Telegram"
(A prepared student tells the chapter "Notches in the Heart" from the book "Golden Rose" by K.G. Paustovsky)
Reading a story.
How do you understand the expression "nicks in the heart"?
(something left an indelible, painful mark on the soul)
Compare the memoirs of a writer and a fictional text. What is new by the author, what has changed and what has remained the same; how did he build his work so that we have "notches in the heart"?
3. Composition of the story
Consider how the story is structured. We select four main parts, head each one and select an epigraph ... (slide 5)
4 . Working with the text of the story.
1 part Mother (slide 6)
What touched you, what touched you in the fate of Katerina Petrovna?
As K.G. Paustovsky conveys Katerina Petrovna's loneliness?
She had no one to talk to about her former life.
She sits on the couch all the time and waits for her daughter to come.
She is fingering something in her reticule, maybe these are the notices she received from her daughter. She likes to touch them with her hands, she apparently thought that her daughter once touched them.
For the first time in a year she decided to leave the house when someone knocked on the gate for a long time.
Why did she decide to go anyway?
The gate was boarded up for several years, and Katerina Petrovna thought that her daughter did not know about it.
Landscape
With what artistic means does Paustovsky paint the tragedy of Katerina Petrovna's position?
Painting of an autumn landscape. It tunes the reader in a certain way, creates the tone of the story.
We read the text aloud, share our impressions. (slide 7)
The phrases are short, and they breathe some kind of coldness and hopelessness. And just out of this rhythm is the proposal about a sunflower, which “kept blooming and could not bloom in any way”
Why exactly "sunflower" and not "sunflower", as they say in the village?
An association appears: a lonely sun against a gray, black background.
Like this sunflower, "the last inhabitant of the memorial house."
Creative task (slide 7)
Observing the landscape, we see that the signs of late autumn are gradually intensifying, and the reader is growing a sense of anxiety, a feeling of an imminent tragedy.
Reading the episode "She suffocated, stopped ..."(slide 9)
She sympathizes with the stars, the old maple, pity them. The times have also changed the once young garden. He is also little cared for.
Conclusion: Man suffers, and nature in Paustovsky "sympathizes with him." Perhaps it is nature that helps Katerina Petrovna live.
Interior (slide 10)
What do the interior details show?
What colors prevail in the landscape and interior?
Yellow, gray, black.
Katerina Petrovna lives with memories of the past. And in the present she has no joy, only the pain of loneliness and therefore an indifferent expectation of death.
(slide 11)
What did Katerina Petrovna understand during an unbearable walk for her?
She became convinced that she was very weak and her days were probably numbered. And then she wrote a letter to Nastya.
Expressive reading of the letter by the teacher(slide 12)
"My darling!" - Katerina Petrovna put all the power of maternal love into these words, but in response? ..
Part 2 Daughter
What did you learn about Nastya's life, her work?
Lives in Leningrad. Is there a description of nature here? Why? (slide 13)
Not in this case. There are parks and squares in Leningrad. Nastya had no time to see all this, because she worked constantly.
What did you learn about Nastya's work?
She is the secretary of the Union of Artists. Works a lot. The arrangement of exhibitions - all this is done through her hands. Even a letter to my mother has no time to write.
How did Nastya show herself in organizing the exhibition of the artist Timofeev?
Perseverance, decisiveness, perseverance in achieving the goal, participation in the fate of the artist. "Well, let's fight together!"
(slide 14)
There are no direct assessments. But it emphasizes Nastya's pride. I liked Nastya herself. The artists called her Solveig “for her blond hair and big cold eyes.
Eyes are the mirror of the human soul. A very revealing epithet!
Solveig means "solar path". But the author's definition of "cold" is in contrast to this name. The sun cannot be cold!
Empty eyes speak of indifference. It's scary when you meet a person with cold eyes. Obviously, the person has the same cold heart.
"Nastya felt the mocking gaze of Gogol's sculpture on her."
Why exactly Gogol, and not Pushkin or another writer?
Gogol is a satirist who, according to Pushkin, had the ability to guess a person. " And the letter is in the purse unopened. Oh, you magpie! "
Why forty?
Ratchet, frivolous bird.
Nastya received a telegram. Her behavior?
It seemed that I had to shout, cry, run, do something. And Nastya? She crumpled up the telegram and frowned.
What words are heard from the pulpit?
(work with text)
What artistic technique does the author use here and why?
In stark contrast, it emphasizes the discrepancy between actions and praise.
Nastya committed a betrayal. Gogol gives an assessment of her deed, he acts as a judge.
And what is behind this "Eh you!"
The satirist's exclamation is bitterly reproachful. Gogol sees Nastya through and through: her falsity, betrayal. The satirist despises her for her vanity and selfishness.
Part 3 Telegram
-Let's move to an old, abandoned, empty house.
. Receiving a telegram is the climax of the story.
What is the state of Katerina Petrovna?
She is living out her last days, waiting, hoping faintly.
Who is Tikhon? What have you learned about him?
What does Tikhon do at the post office? What telegram did he bring to Katerina Petrovna?
(work with the text of the story)
Why is Tikhon doing this?
To support her, comfort her, soften the bitterness of loneliness in the last moments of his life, Tikhon decided on this deception.
Did Katerina Petrovna guess who the telegram was from? Why?
Katerina Petrovna realized that the telegram was not from Nastya. The speech betrays the authorship of an elderly person, as it was customary to sign before. - The author admires the heroine, her delicacy, intelligence, kindness, restraint.
Artistic detail
The only teardrop is a detail that confirms her patience and restraint.
Realizing that her daughter was again deaf, the mother stopped waiting and dies.
Catherine (Greek) - pure, immaculate.
The story is called "Telegram". There are two of them.
The second, because Tikhon, unlike Nastya, showed humanity, sensitivity, care, mercy, taught the girl Manyushka a moral lesson:
"Look, you fool, pay for good, don't be a kestrel."
We turn to the lesson epigraph. How do you understand these words? ( Slide 17)
(The kestrel looks like a small fry.)
Why are these words addressed specifically to Manyushka?
This is the old man's parting words to the girl, because she is also a daughter.
Don't be a kestrel - it means don't be an empty person, learn to separate the main from the secondary - this is the author's parting words to all readers.
What biblical commandment Nastya violated ? (slide 18)
(slide 19)
Have you asked yourself this question: "Am I not a kestrel?"
It was this support in life that Nastya lost. Her soul suffered from careerism .
But is this a hopeless disease? Or is the conscience that has spoken testifies to the beginning of the rebirth?
What is conscience? (Individual vocabulary assignment)
Confession of guilt for an unseemly deed
Human self-control
Shyness, shame, awkwardness.
- (SI Ozhegov's Dictionary) Conscience is a feeling of moral responsibility for one's behavior before the people around, society.
And why is it given to man?
Conscience can prevent bad deeds. Conscience is given to a person in order to control his actions, to correct shortcomings.
Any facts indicate that Nastya's conscience has awakened after all?
Having abandoned everything, she finally went to her mother; “I cried all night until a cloudy and heavy (like Nastya’s soul) dawn turned blue outside the windows”, left “stealthily” (it was a shame in front of people)
And it was not in vain that it seemed to her that "no one, except for Katerina Petrovna herself, could remove irreparable guilt and unbearable severity from her."
Indeed, the mother could calm Nastya, forgive her, but the mother is no longer there, and now, until the end of her life, she will have to experience this feeling of guilt. By the way, the people have always noted the special love of mothers for children, in contrast to the ingratitude of the latter
What proverbs and sayings did you write down in a notebook ? (slide 20)
Finale of the story. Epilogue.
And why, in your opinion, is the image of a young teacher introduced into the story?
She acutely felt the guilt of her daughter and tried to replace Nastya, seeing Katerina Petrovna on her last journey.
What the hell does she have in contrast to Nastya?
Kindness, sincerity.
Closing remarks from the teacher.
Find a description of nature at the end of the story. What did it tell you?
"Behind the fence, in the light fluttering snow, lay my beloved, a little sad native land"
Loving art, serving it, Nastya could do a lot to perpetuate the memory of her grandfather. Then the connection between times and generations would not have been interrupted, Nastya would have become significant in the land of her ancestors. And Katerina Petrovna would not be tormented by the question: what will happen to the house after her death.
K.G. Paustovsky, condemning and debunking Nastya, nevertheless believes in her sincere repentance. It is no coincidence that the meaning of the name Nastya (Greek) - resurrecting.
Controls:Crossword (slide 20-21)
Lesson summary:
What "nicks in the heart" did your story leave
KG Paustovsky "Telegram"?
What does he value in people?
Homework. (slide 23)
Internet resources (slide 24)
- Introduce students into the world of Paustovsky's "Telegram" story, help them see the depth of the story's content, and gain an understanding of the meaning of the story's title.
- To intensify the cognitive and search and research activities of students (assessment of heroes and their actions, the role of the landscape in the narrative).
- To form the communication skills necessary for constructing a text (syncwines, writing), the ability to correctly express one's thoughts
Lesson type: Combined
Lesson type: Search lesson
Technologies:
- KIM (collective-individual thought activity),
- RKMCHP (development of critical thinking through reading and writing)
Methodical reception: work with text, dispute.
Visibility: use of presentation
During the classes(slide 3)
Busy with work and business
Day after day in a stream of bustle
We don't think about mom often
We give her flowers too rarely ...
I Word of the teacher
In the last lesson, we got acquainted with the story of K.G. Paustovsky "Telegram".
Paustovsky is a master of a short story, in a small volume of works he could express the full depth of the problematics. We will try to find out what problems Paustovsky raises in his story.
II Work on the topic of the lesson
1. The role of the landscape in the story.
Remember how the story begins?
("October was joyfully cold, rainy. The roofs were blackened")
A special emotional mood is created.
Why do you think the story begins with a description of nature? What role will nature play in the further narrative?
(Nature in the story is not just a background, it creates a mood)
Is the autumn landscape cold and rainy in the story by chance?
(“The little sunflower was still blooming and I couldn't finish blooming; loose clouds dragged along, clung; forgotten stars looked forgivingly at the ground; a lonely maple, flying around, chilled, which has nowhere to go from this homeless windy night”)
All the events described take place in cold autumn, but this word has many meanings!
It reminds us of the cold, heartless attitude of people towards each other, maybe about “cold old age”, when the joyful colors of life fade away, and a person lives with memories of the past, becomes lonely.
Exercise: find such a description of nature in the text, which compares human life and the life of nature.
“She gasped, stopped by an old tree, put her hand on a cold, wet branch and found out: it was her maple.
She planted him a long time ago, still a girl - a laughing glee, and now he stood flying around, chilled, he had nowhere to get away from this homeless, windy night. "
Here the life of Katerina Petrovna and the maple is compared (the method of psychological parallelism).
What do we learn about Katerina Petrovna at the very beginning of the story?
("Katerina Petrovna lived out her days in an old house ...")
(old sick, lonely woman)
What and by whom is Katerina Petrovna surrounded in Zabor'e?
- old things
- her neighbor Manyushka, the watchman Tikhon, visit
2. Analysis of the problematic of the story.
What is the problem, the problematics of a work of art?
- The problem is a question posed in a work of art.
- Problems are a set of problems depicted in a literary text.
What problems does Paustovsky reveal in his work?
- The problem of the relationship between mother and daughter
- Human life in old age
Which one is the most important?
Exercise: Tell us about the relationship between mother and daughter - Nastya.
- “Nastya, the daughter of Katerina Petrovna and the only native person, lived far away, in Leningrad. The last time she came was 3 years ago ”!
- It seems to her that the money that Nastya sends every 3 months smells of her perfume (she misses, yearns)
What is the nature of the relationship between Katerina Petrovna and Nastya?
- Complicated. Katerina Petrovna was living out her life, Nastya led an ebullient life.
Why does Katerina Petrovna decide to write to her daughter?
- feels the approach of death
(Reading the episode "Letter to Mother")
How is this message amazing?
- The old woman somehow surprisingly simply writes about the approach of death, mentions not about acquaintances, as is usually done in a letter, but about a garden, about autumn.
The natural world is the native land of Katerina Petrovna, the very land in which she was soon destined to lie forever.
And nature, seeing her off on her last journey, dressed up:
“A thin snowball fell. The day turned white, and the sky was dry, light ... "
Are there descriptions of nature on the pages about Nastya's life in Leningrad?
Almost not
3. Work on the image of Nastya.
(no soul)
What do we learn about Nastya's life and work?
- All in business, in work. Reliable, helpful, helps everyone. But he forgets about his mother.
- "I liked myself." The artists called her Solveig for her blond hair and "big cold eyes"
But what detail did they immediately notice?
- Cold eyes.
What kind of people can have cold eyes?
- The indifferent, insensitive, callous.
Can we talk about the callousness of Nastya, knowing about her participation in the fate of the artist Timofeev?
- Likes to please herself;
- Loves to be appreciated ("our dear Anastasia Semyonovna")
What actions of Nastya outraged you?
- received a letter from my mother, hid it in a bag without reading it!
- put the letter in a desk drawer ...
- Paustovsky makes Nastya feel the "mocking gaze of Gogol's sculpture" on herself: both the author and the great satirist understand that the girl's kindness is ostentatious, fake.
How does Nastya react to the telegram?
- "Crumpled up the telegram and frowned"
How does Paustovsky emphasize the changes in the behavior of the heroine, who realized that her mother was dying?
- "Shuddered from the cold"
When are we cold?
- When it feels lonely
- And again Gogol: "... someone's gaze, heavy and piercing, Nastya felt on herself all the time ..."
Fast forward to the old, abandoned, deserted house of Katerina Petrovna
What is the state of Katerina Petrovna?
Why did she figure out the trick of Tikhon, who gave her telegram on behalf of her daughter?
How did the surrounding people treat the old sick woman: Tikhon, Manyushka?
- The way her daughter should have treated her.
- She believes that not everyone is like Nastya.
Can we say that she is opposed to the image of Nastya?
Why do you think Nastya - so attentive to other people, forgot about her sick mother?
Will Katerina Petrovna's daughter be able to get rid of “irreparable guilt, unbearable heaviness”?
Problematic situation: Why, in the hustle and bustle of life and in a hurry, do we often forget about the people closest to us? (Dispute)
Exercise: re-read carefully the final part of the story.
Can we talk about the tragic ending of the story?
Why do you think the story is called "Telegram"?
What does the word “telegram” mean?
- SOS signal, alarm signal.
Yes, a telegram is sent by people in extreme cases, a feeling of anxiety is associated with the telegram.
Tikhon sends two telegrams: but they do not fulfill their purpose: Katerina Petrovna guessed who sent the telegram, and Nastya did not have time to ask her mother for forgiveness.
So why does Paustovsky give his story such a title?
His story is a telegram
To whom is Paustovsky's telegram addressed, what is it about?
Use the language of the telegram to spell out the writer's warning to readers.
- telegram - warning: do not forget about the people closest to you, be humane, merciful.
4. Creative work.
Remember what sinkwine is.
Sinkwine Is a poem, which is a synthesis of information in a laconic form, which allows you to describe the essence of the concept.
This is a 5-line poem:
- 1 line: 1 noun (subject or subject stated)
- Line 2: 2 adjectives or participles (description of the subject)
- Line 3: 3 verbs (characterize the action of the subject)
- 4 line: a phrase of 4 significant words expressing the author's attitude to the subject (proverb, sentence)
- 5 line: a synonym that summarizes the meaning of a topic or subject (one word).
Exercise:
Write down the 3 most memorable images (keywords)
- mom, daughter, telegram
It is these words that will become the names of the poems that you will try to compose now (task 1 group) (slide 5)
Best student work:
Mama.
Kind, forgiving.
Raises, educates, waits.
Wrinkles in the corners of the eyes.
Love
Mama.
Caring, loving.
Bored, remembers, waits.
A person who will always understand.
Love.
Mother.
Old, lonely.
Bored, waiting, hoping, When her daughter arrives.
Poor fellow.
Mother.
Old, sick.
Loves, believes, waits.
She lives out her life alone.
Suffering.
Daughter.
Busy, businesslike.
Didn't come to my mother for 3 years.
Selfish.
Daughter.
Distant, dear.
I forgot, I didn't remember, I was late.
I like myself.
Magpie.
Telegram.
Long-awaited and necessary.
Worries, worries and waits
When she's finally sent.
Signal.
Task for group 2(slide 6)
Find words from text to illustrations
III. Summing up the lesson. Reflection.
What moral lessons have you learned for yourself from Paustovsky's "Telegram" story?
How, in your opinion, should a person live in our hectic time so as not to become morally blind and deaf?
How is this story instructive for our contemporaries and for you personally?
Reception "Unfinished offer":
I am sure that Paustovsky's story "Telegram" ...
Let's turn to the epigraph of our lesson. These are lines from a poem by V. Voloshin. Do you agree with him?
Listen to the entire poem:
Everything that happens to us in life
We somehow strangely divide in half:
If joy - we celebrate with friends,
And with trouble we come to the mothers ...
Busy with work and business
Day after day in a stream of bustle
We don't think about mom often
We give her flowers too rarely ...
And we carry our diseases to mom,
And we go to share grievances to her,
And we draw wrinkles for her ourselves,
Forgetting to ask for forgiveness ...
We hug mom so rarely
Have forgotten how to kiss mom
Sometimes we forget to call
No time to write a letter ...
Well, mom still loves us,
Whatever happens, he won't betray
Forgive everything, forget everything
Hand, soul, heart - will give everything!
And when you leave your mother,
Warmed up by her love
You whisper: “Forgive me for everything, dear,
And, please, live longer !. "
Take care of your mothers !!!
IV. Homework:(slide 8)
1) essay-miniature “Letter of Confession to Mom”.
2) remember the proverbs and sayings about the mother; poems about the mother.
3) prepare for an extracurricular reading lesson (read the story of B. Ekimov "Speak, Mom, Speak ...")
